Tuesday, January 31, 2012
You Will Learn More If You Get A Mentor_45699
Many people believe that the best way to learn is by actually leqarn by doing. For example,hermes birkin bags, you could learn how to be a sportscaster or a radio DJ with on-the-job training where you will get a mentor in the radio profession. This way you would learn the skills necessary in a real radio station. And hopefully you could also get experience on air too.
The industry known as radio broadcasting has schools that train you to become a radio broadcaster, program dor promotions director, or voice-over artist. Assignments include in-studio lab training in an on-air radio station with equipment that is state-of-the-art. Taught one-on-one, in private sessions, in real radio stations with real radio professionals, the radio course takes each student through the course curriculum. No experience is necessary.
As the music business is moving online,hermes birkin, it is vital to any up and coming musician to learn as much about the music recording side of the business. Music recording schools were designed to impart all this knowledge and experience on an accelerated but flexible schedule so that even hard working musicians can learn more information. For example, they will learn how it is the music producer who guides and shapes the sound, while an audio engineer captures it.
Courses include a written curriculum and training guides. Some of the classes include: Voice and Speech Development,replica hermes bags, Commercial Announcing and Copywriting, Voiceovers, Sports Broadcasting, Writing News Broadcasting, Disc Jockey or Talk Show host, and Weather Reporting.
Howard Parker is now making millions as a voice-over artist. Bell started out working at Taco Bell, but it was a recording school with a mentor program where he got started.
"The mentor program worked. It put me with real radio pros, and so I stuck to them like glue and learned as much as I could," said Bell.
What's more, the tuition can even be funded by student loan program like Sallie Mae, the nation's leading lender of student loans. The costs for mentor recording schools run from $2,875 for one smaller school in Ohio, to $7,450, which is the best value and available in all 50 of the United States. Colleges or university music recording schools cost from $20,000 to $140,000. Students agree, they learn more when they get a mentor and in one-on-one situations, not in a crowded classroom. Most good mentor program carriculums take about seven months to complete.
Writing A Graduate Admission Essay For Foreign Students_39598
Going back to the university for a graduate degree can yield a high return on your investment. First of all, learning is its own reward. Even if you were a meticulous college student or have been working in your field for years now, getting into a graduate school provides you with the expertise that can come only from having the appropriate combination of theory and practice. Aside from specialization, a graduate degree offers you several opportunities for career advancement and higher pay, as well as for establishing and strengthening your professional networks. Of course, having a suffix to your name wouldn抰 hurt. On top of that, it presents a great opportunity for studying abroad to those who are interested in learning other cultures or for immigration.
Things to consider
Studying abroad for your graduate degree is a wonderful learning experience on its own. You will get to interact with scholars from other countries and help you build your international network. It can even serve as an initial step if you wish to migrate to a particular country later on. To be able to do that, you would need to go through the usual application process for admission.
The first thing you should consider is your language proficiency. If you are not exactly multilingual,kelly bags sale, a safe choice would be a university in an English-speaking country, because English is the international medium of communication. You should start looking into the universities abroad which offer the graduate program that you would like to get into.
Check out their admission requirements particularly for international or foreign students. Pursuing studies in a foreign country is oftentimes costly, so try to see if any of these universities offer scholarship or fellowship grants for international students. Once you have narrowed down your choices,hermes kelly bags, you must prepare yourself for fulfilling the admission requirements. You need to work hard on your graduate admission essay, especially since the slots for foreign students are usually limited, making it a highly competitive pursuit.
What to include in your graduate admission essay
It can spell the difference between getting accepted or not. Since you are hoping for admission as a foreign student, you should indicate why you wish to study abroad and why in that particular country and university. If you抳e done your research well, you may write that the university that you抮e applying to excels in the field that you want to specialize in. Aside from your accomplishments, motivation, philosophy, goals, and major influences, you must include instances where your capacity to adjust in a whole new environment is highlighted. If you are well-traveled, you may write about insights you抳e gained from observing other cultures.
After writing your graduate admission essay
Once you feel satisfied with and proud of your essay, have a mentor read and comment on it. Consider the areas that he or she suggests you can add or focus on. Be optimistic about your application and start checking out the student visa requirements. Remember that you have more documents to prepare than the regular graduate student,hermes birkin, so it抯 better to get a head start.
Word To The Wise And Instructions For Reaching Law School Entrance_33571
Despite all the jokes to the contrary, being a lawyer still carries a great deal of prestige in this country. Nevertheless will you be able to do a fulfilling job by giving assistance and defending people抯 rights within the justice system, but also make lots of money and guarantee your family抯 future needs. These are the types of profit that make all those extra years of schooling worthwhile. Despite your perseverance into getting that goal of achievement, you have to overcome the first major obstacle: getting into law school.
I'm surprised by the number of folks who think that getting into law school is simply a matter of doing well on the LSAT. Although,replica hermes bags, it gives a very substantial record, yet it is only a piece of the bigger picture. Numerous things should be taken consideration and eventually done well enough so that you could make it through the limited slots being offered by the best law schools in the country. Let's take a look at some of the remaining items of putting together a good application package.
Basically, you should have a very good college grade point average. Let's face it: getting into law school is mostly a numbers game,hermes birkin, and report cards count for a lot. You might have been able to talk your way out of a couple of bad high school grades when facing down the admissions officer at your undergraduate institution, but that's not going to be the case when it comes to getting into law school. You'll be going up against the best and brightest even if you don't apply to the Ivy League. That's not to say you absolutely need a 4.0 to be considered. However, it is highly favorable for you to get a grade of 3.0 or more.
Second, it helps to possess an undergraduate degree from a college or university with a good reputation for quality academic. All other things being equal, if an admissions board is considering applications from a candidate who completed his Bachelor's degree at Georgetown University and someone who went to a place called St. Thomas College,hermes online, between the two applicants, the Georgetown alum most likely gets the seat. Again, this is not a hard and fast rule for getting into law school, but it is most certainly a factor.
Third, bear in mind to perfectly follow instructions as indicated. There's no excuse for failing to send in required documents or for submitting anything late. Having done either of those things will surely make a bad impression, which is a major fault some applicants can never recover from.
And finally, do well on the LSAT. Pay extra money for the prep courses take as many practice exams as possible, and make sure you're rested and ready when it's time to take the test. You won't be getting into law school if you do poorly on the LSAT, so give it the effort and attention it deserves. Taking the LSAT service give you the edge!
A few people seek the help of personal consultants just to get through the application process. If you have the financial means to do this and if getting into law school is that important to you, you might want to consider doing the same. Studying for the LSAT and get ahead.
One sure thing is that getting into law school ?particularly a good one -- can set you up for a blooming and fruitful career. Though it takes effortful undertakings just to get admitted, and yet a whole lot more effort and persuasion to finish. Follow these steps to improve your chances of admission and look into taking an online prep course!
Why You Should Use An Lms_44013
In the last so many years you find that people are increasingly becoming interested in making use of the Learning Management System. They have come to realize the significance of having a competent environment for e-learning and look for the best of programs or software to meet their requirements. Today, in a matter of minutes you can come across many an LMS on the Net which is truly professional.
A Learning Management System is not only useful in the field of education but it also plays a vital role in the business world. Any business requires a program which helps them manage conferences, allowing the information and various documents to be exchanged via the Internet. Simultaneously, an LMS can be utilized to talk about important matters since it is already outfitted with a whiteboard for this kind of a requirement besides having several other applications that improve communication.
One can also make use of the Learning Management System to keep count of earlier sessions and use a wide variety of tools to provide even better functionality. It cannot be denied that an LMS provide you the most excellent kind of e-learning solutions that you can ever hope to find. Some of the best features that it provides include reciprocated sharing of data, documents and catalogues for the courses studied which is very useful especially for students and two-way tools which help make a business environment even more effective.
As we pointed out earlier,hermes kelly, entire discussions and sessions can be recorded for use in the future and miscellaneous files can be shared with ease. Teachers too are very happy with the emergence of the Learning Management System. The LMS has helped them take learning to even greater heights. One of the utmost features of the LMS is the web-based interface that contributes to making the software extremely easy to use no matter if you are a beginner or not.
A good LMS is intended to create an impact through its functionality and innumerable features. Taking such facts into account, it doesn�t come as a surprise then that it can be integrated with Microsoft Office with ease. The Learning Management System is fitted with a wide range of tools for conferencing that will definitely add a whole new aspect to one�s communication capabilities. When used in a business environment,hermes outlet, it can be used to make directories for each project, change documents and even check files to make sure there is no plagiarism.
If you have never had the opportunity to try out a Learning Management System,hermes bags, it�s about time. You will be bowled over by the varied features it has to offer not forgetting the several e-learning tools. The LMS�s functionality is fulfilled by the interaction possible and the ability to share different kinds of files with very little effort. You don�t have to worry about any security issues and you can be sure that this system will become an important part of your regular life.
Why You Should Choose To Earn A Health Care Degree Online_47449
Earning your health care degree online can help provide you with a better education and a more complete set of skills than traditional classroom settings provide. Many people want to help others and choose a career in health care for a personally fulfilling line of work. Acquiring a health care degree online may allow individuals to aim for better positions in the work force and provide room for growth to higher salaries.
Choice and Quality of Programs
Program options for online education are increasing. Individuals can invest in the areas and number of courses they prefer,hermes birkin, from taking a course or two in criminal justice courses to acquiring a health care degree online. Businesses and employers recognize online education to be just as good as degrees earned in traditional settings, and many employers respect the self-motivation and determination of those who choose independent study to get ahead.
Employers also recognize that online education has vastly improved in the area of quality. The material studied in courses for a health care degree online is no different from courses taught in classrooms or on campuses. In fact, online courses may provide a better quality of education,replica hermes handbags, as material is concise and usually very focused. Traditional classroom courses involve lectures that can get sidetracked by questions or discussions. With online courses,hermes birkin bags, recorded lectures stay on topic the length of the audio program.
Flexible Study
Studying for a health care degree online involves plenty of flexibility for the student. While traditional learning involves students gathering in auditoriums for lectures, online education involves only the student and the course material and the environment for learning is the student's choice. Any setting is fine for listening to audio lectures, thanks to the technology of mp3 players. Many students prefer copying their lectures from CD to mp3 player, taking their courses on the go. Combining another activity with listening to lectures, such as exercising at the gym, taking walks, or going for a bike ride, can both save time and make learning more interesting and enjoyable.
Working While Studying
The advantages of studying for a health care degree online come mainly from the ability to earn credits towards a degree while still working, an attractive option to many people.
Attending school on campus in a traditional setting may mean a full-time commitment for students for a period of two years or more. Working during spare hours isn't often an option, and the student cannot earn income while studying or becomes stressed while trying to put in a full day at school and then another long shift at a job.
Obtaining a health care degree online means that students can choose to study the number of courses they prefer, allowing them to keep their full-time job and work towards earning a degree as well. That situation may mean that the student takes longer to obtain his or her degree, but does so with less debt and also meeting financial responsibilities. The flexibility of being able to earn an income while working towards a health care degree online is appealing.
Location of Student
Location may also be a factor in choosing to earn a degree online or at an educational facility. For those individuals who live in rural areas outside cities where schools are often located or who cannot travel to the school of their choice, online education is a viable and solid option to increasing knowledge and skill. Earning a health care degree online is as attainable to the student living beside a campus as it is for the student living in a tiny town tucked away far from any metropolitan city.
The choice of deciding to earn your health care degree online or in traditional classroom setting depends on your preference for independent study and flexibility, as well as your location, family situation, and financial obligations. Whichever form of education you choose to receive, increasing knowledge and skill levels boosts your appeal to potential employers and provides opportunity for higher salaries or better positions in the field of health care.
Saturday, January 28, 2012
A Sonography Degree Is More Than Just The Ultrasound_45324
Unlike the traditional ultrasound,coach poppy bags, a sonography school focuses on the education beyond the associate抯 degree that most medical based schools offer. This particular focus is centered on the overall capabilities of the sonar technology. The sonography degree is designed to give the person a more in depth understanding of how the technology works and even the technology that is related to this base concept.
Some of the people that have gained this degree have found that they have been able to branch out into other fields such as geology,rolex oyster perpetual datejust, oceanography, and even oil companies have hired such people due to the in depth understanding they have of the sonar technology. This is not to say that the medical world is off limits, but unlike so many other degrees,replica louis vuitton bags, this is one that had applications that go well beyond the basis of the ultrasound.
The medical world has been able to use these sonography degree alumni to not just check on babies within the womb, but also locate possible tumors and even the condition of veins and other vascular issues. The technology has been designed so that the person is able to use anything that is sonar based to observe the anatomy of a person and see what the condition of the person is. This has been a superb alternate to people that are unable to have a MRI or EKG done to them as the process is not radioactive or magnetic in design.
The sonography degree also allows the person the ability to calibrate the equipment. This is perhaps one of the biggest assets that this degree offers as the person can ensure that the machines are always working properly and have no had nay issues in the implementation of tasks that can define how to approach an issue someone may have medically.
Even thought he sonar technology has been around for close to a century, it has not had some of the breakthroughs until the past few decades. It has been a technology that was taken for granted and has recently shown that it can do things that many other observation technologies lack. The versatility that has been shown continues to open doors into this field and also adds new value to the sonography degree and those that are willing to pursue it.
Earn your online sonography degree from Florida Hospital College.
Some of the people that have gained this degree have found that they have been able to branch out into other fields such as geology,rolex oyster perpetual datejust, oceanography, and even oil companies have hired such people due to the in depth understanding they have of the sonar technology. This is not to say that the medical world is off limits, but unlike so many other degrees,replica louis vuitton bags, this is one that had applications that go well beyond the basis of the ultrasound.
The medical world has been able to use these sonography degree alumni to not just check on babies within the womb, but also locate possible tumors and even the condition of veins and other vascular issues. The technology has been designed so that the person is able to use anything that is sonar based to observe the anatomy of a person and see what the condition of the person is. This has been a superb alternate to people that are unable to have a MRI or EKG done to them as the process is not radioactive or magnetic in design.
The sonography degree also allows the person the ability to calibrate the equipment. This is perhaps one of the biggest assets that this degree offers as the person can ensure that the machines are always working properly and have no had nay issues in the implementation of tasks that can define how to approach an issue someone may have medically.
Even thought he sonar technology has been around for close to a century, it has not had some of the breakthroughs until the past few decades. It has been a technology that was taken for granted and has recently shown that it can do things that many other observation technologies lack. The versatility that has been shown continues to open doors into this field and also adds new value to the sonography degree and those that are willing to pursue it.
Earn your online sonography degree from Florida Hospital College.
A Hot Button Issue - Simple Mending_39917
Are you dazzled by the unique styles you see on do-it-yourself sewers but are terrified to try making an outfit yourself? If you're one of those folks who say over and over, "I can't even sew on a button!" than listen up. Whether you're a budding fashionista or a single guy tired of safety pinning his pants together (you know who you are), this simple guide to sewing on a button is a gateway to sartorial freedom!
1.There are thousands of different styles of buttons available. Usually, a new shirt or pair of pants will come with a couple "just-in-case" extras, but if your favorite vintage something or other has busted that last snap, head to a fabric shop.
Make sure you choose a size that will fit comfortable through your buttonhole without leaving room to wiggle free and leaving you exposed. If you're not sure what size to get, bring your buttonless garment with you and take a new button for a test drive. Afraid you'll feel self-conscious? Don't be, this kind of stuff happens at fabric shops all the time.
2. If a button is sewn on too tightly it won't be able to fit through its hole. Leave some space between it and your garment by creating something called a "shank".
3. When you're ready, place two straight pins crossed where the button used to go, or will go now.
4. Position the button over the cross.
5. Tie/stitch the thread through the buttonholes at least three or four times.
6. Remove the pins. Create a shank by winding the thread around itself in the space between the button and your fabric a few times. You're sort of making a stem that will allow the button space to do its thing,j12 chanel watches, while also increases its strength and flexibility.
7. Bring your thread through the wrong side of the fabric. Stitch a couple times, and then tie the loose ends in a not. Voila,chanel ladies watches, you are finished!
There are so many different kinds of buttons to choose from you may become dizzy, or even overly stimulated. If you can't find something that tickles your fancy at a fabric shop in your hometown, try searching for vintage buttons online ?or head to the thrift store and grab a cheap shirt that just happens to be a home for the buttons of your dreams!
Also, if you really love that new coat at Coat Mart,chanel j12, but art crazy about the "blah" buttons, just pick up some brand new ones and replace those fickle fasteners. You'll have a coat like no other, and you did it yourself!
A Glance At Online English Learning And Tutoring_44710
Many English learners desire to enhance their skills and flair in English,chanel j12 black, however, due to tough work schedule it becomes quite difficult for them to attend classes locally, or to practice with native speakers physically. That抯 where online English tutoring come in. Online English tutoring generally provides guidance of expert teachers using basic software programs.
What is Online English Tutoring?
Parents may try hard to get their child understand certain English principles or grammar rules. However, the parent may not be an expert tutor and may not have good knowledge in English. With heart-to-heart online English tutoring, a parent can depend solely on trained tutors to help their child learn English in the most suitable way.
Online English tutoring offers help with English using the World Wide Web, and come in several forms. It helps a learner to have personalized training by experienced teachers who can converse directly with the student over the Internet.
With personalized English tutoring online, a learner may log on for English tutoring sessions, and work with an assigned tutor in a direct way. Online English tutoring may sometimes demand high monthly fee for few sessions, however,j12 chanel watches, some programs are quite cheap and can be pursued from home without any difficulty.
A great advantage of online English tutoring is that it may work for all grade levels,best rolex replica, including high school, junior high school or elementary school English tutoring.
How to Start Online English Tutoring
?There are several online English tutoring centers. You may apply for a tutor抯 position at any one of them as you would have done with other jobs. You can also sign up and write your profile at other website to search for students.
?Competition to teach online English courses in quite high. Hence, offer something that your students may not get locally.
?Install an Internet telephony and instant messaging service on your PC or laptop. Start teaching through various instant messaging programs or through e-mail to attract students. You can talk on how to improve listening and speaking skills in English.
?Start video conferencing with online English students. All you need is video conferencing software and a webcam. This will help you to have good rapport with your students.
?Market your online English learning courses. Once you are established in the market, you will no longer need to look for students; students themselves will approach you to acquire knowledge and training on English.
As you look for the perfect online English tutoring, compare quality and prices of tutoring on offer. You might need to pay little extra for personalized tutoring; however, its worthy if it helps you to succeed in English. Look for services that may cater to your requirements with an evaluation of your best learning style.
A Free Report To Home School Parents Offers Tips On 10 Avoiding Common Errors_37150
Everyone approaches homeschooling with a different perspective. Some approach it with fear and trepidation; others with excitement and enthusiasm; others feel backed into a corner with no other options; and still others look forward to homeschooling as a way to invest more into their children.
Examine each point carefully and look honestly at yourself and your teaching style. Not every mistake will apply to you-that will depend on your personality and approach-but all can easily occur without warning!
1.Over Scheduling
I will never forget my first year of homeschooling. My children were involved in art classes, gymnastics, classes at the zoo, science center classes, chorus, piano lessons, physical education classes, and community sports. On the one day per week that we did not have scheduled events, we would get together with fellow homeschooling families for field trips, writing classes (which I taught), and/or just for a fun time.
I have never been so frazzled in my life! We would cram in our studies in the morning, then load up the car to head out to our daily routine.
I can't remember who burned out first-the kids or me, but I do know we burned out. Soon those creative moments of science experiments, creative writing fun, and history projects were a thing of the past and we became a slave to our activities schedule.
The key: limit yourself to one or two activities at a time and make schooling a priority. When you have more time to commit at home, schooling can become much more enjoyable!
2.Under Scheduling
Over scheduling can be a nightmare, but under-scheduling can also have its detriments. Kids need variety and opportunities to be with others their own age. There are so many learning opportunities out there!
Find what activities work for your family and take advantage of them. There are many opportunities out there through local museums, art schools, YMCAs, support groups, colleges, churches, and historical sites.
A great idea that worked for us was to get together with several other homeschooling families and plan out a year's worth of field trips-one per month. We then assigned one to each parent to organize, picked the dates (which we all reserved), and looked forward to our once a month outing. On occasion, we would also get together at a local playground or state park for another day of fun or learning.
This smaller network allowed us to support each other on a more personal basis and to feel free to call on another when we needed encouragement or ideas.
3.Unrealistic Expectations
It is so easy to fall into the trap of unrealistic expectations. I have met many a homeschool Mom who was upset because her three-year old was not reading yet or because her sixth grade son was not succeeding in Algebra I. I have watched as families tackle huge projects trying to cram a whole year of World History into one quarter and plan a World History Fair to culminate the experience. These are the same parents and kids who are burned out by Christmas and struggling to make it through each day!
One the other hand, I have also seen families who decide to home school with no direction, no formal home school curriculum, and no real goals in mind.
Students will live up to your expectations and if none exist, they will quickly adapt and really enjoy themselves for a time. However, by Halloween, kids long for the structure of school and parents are thinking that the ghosts and ghouls knocking on their door look much more appealing than their bored and antsy children.
The individualized instruction that homeschooling provides opens up the door for students to master concepts much quicker than in a classroom full of distractions. However, it also makes it very easy to coast through the year without really accomplishing anything.
The answer to this struggle is planning.
4.A Disorganized School Room
There is nothing more frustrating than the inability to put your fingers on what you need when you need it. This is especially true when you are trying to keep your children current with their schoolwork.
The inability to find a pencil, a working eraser, a textbook or workbook, dictionary, calculator . . . . you get the picture. These are all extremely frustrating and when piled up can make for a very difficult start to a day.
I recommend you commit an entire day at the beginning of the school year to organizing your home school room. Engage your children in the task-let them decide how to organize their supplies.
Store away your teacher's guides and answer keys-preferably in a file drawer so they are always at your fingertips and organize the curriculum in a sequence that makes sense.
The more time you devote ahead of time to organizing, the less wasted time throughout the school year searching for items you know "are around here somewhere!"
5.Avoiding Breaks to Allow for a Shorter Day
This is a biggie! We all do it-it seems like such a wonderful thing to tell our kids. "Hey, if you can just get this all done this morning, we will have all afternoon with no school!" Guess what? Across the board, homeschooling kids are saying, "We'd rather have a break!"
Let me share some personal experiences. I am ashamed to say, I fell into this one very badly my first year of homeschooling. At the beginning of the school year, I was really good about taking breaks-even heading outside with my children to play baseball, catch, soccer, volleyball, tag . . . you name it. My favorite time for one of these breaks was when one of the kids was struggling, grumpy or looking tired, or when I found myself overwhelmed with the mess around me.
I would announce, "RECESS TIME!" and we would head outside for a good 20 minutes of fun. It never ceased to amaze me how easy it was to get back to a difficult task after a quick breather.
Suddenly, it was essential for my kids to finish up their work in the morning so we could have the afternoon free and breaks became a thing of the past.
I never realized just how frustrating this must have been for my kids until a recent homeschool graduate put it on her top ten list. Sure enough, my kids hated it! To them the tradeoff was not worth it. A "free" afternoon after a grueling morning was not of value to them.
To avoid this one: schedule regular breaks and take them whether you think you need them or not and be sure to spend at least one break enjoying your kids!
In the end a more relaxed longer day is better than a crammed short day any day!
6.Becoming a Slave to Your Home School Curriculum
Another big mistake I made my first year of homeschooling was to allow my curriculum to drive me. Even on days when it was obvious that my kids just weren't getting it, I would push them to complete the assignments we had determined were appropriate for that day.
When I finally learned to back off, our homeschooling became much more effective. On days when my fifth grader just could not quite figure out how to reduce fractions to the lowest common denominator, we would take a break and move on to something else. Although in some cases, we did not even return to math that day, more often than not, we found that waiting until the evening when the hustle and bustle of the day was over worked much better! At that time, she could sit down and breeze through the math concepts that were impossible just a few hours earlier.
In some cases, you may need to abandon an entire course and try a different approach. Now,chanel watch for men, don't be too quick to make this decision-too many of these decisions can be costly. Take the time to really evaluate whether it is the homeschool curriculum or your misuse of it that is causing the struggle.
Sometimes it just takes a fresh look or slowing down a little to make a course work better for you. But if you find that something just does not work, don't be afraid to set it aside or pass it on to someone else.
On the other hand, don't make the mistake of rushing your children through a study that they are passionate about! Take the time to allow them to pursue it further.
Bottom line: watch and learn from your kids and adapt as necessary. Don't become a slave to your home school curriculum.
7.Doing it Alone
So many homeschooling Moms try to do it alone. Once the curriculum decisions have been made and the curriculum is in their hands, they begin the process of schooling . . . on their own.
Sometimes pride keeps them from asking for advice when things get tough; sometimes just the overwhelming task of schooling the children makes it difficult to seek out socialization opportunities; sometimes, it is the misperception that "That is the way it is for homeschoolers."
This is a huge danger! Irrevocably, Moms who try to do it alone become frustrated and very lonely. Do you find yourself keeping the telemarketer on the phone as long as you possibly can? Does your UPS man find it difficult to escape from your front door after delivering a package? YOU NEED SOCIALIZATION!
IT is just as important for you as it is for your kids.
Socialization for a homeschooling Mom means a sounding board for ideas, advice from those who have been through it before, friendships that allow us to be ourselves, an easy way to share or access information and ideas, a terrific venue to pass on newly discovered educational events or opportunities . . . all absolutely necessary for Moms who are investing so much into their children.
Support groups, homeschool publications, seminars, homeschool conferences, memberships, classes . . . all of these are terrific ways for homeschooling families to socialize with other children and adults.
Don't ignore this! This will make or break your homeschooling endeavors.
8.Super Mom Syndrome
This was probably the most difficult part of homeschooling for me. Days when my friends would say, "Walking into your home is like walking into an Ethan Allen Showroom" were long gone.
Trying to keep those same standards is like trying to rake leaves into a pile in the middle of a tornado.
Face it: your home will never be the same. Your meals will not always be healthy, your errands will not always be run, your bills may be late, and your bathrooms may not always sparkle.
But take a deep breath and remember:
1. You live in your house all day
2. Your kids are in your house all day
3. You school in your house
4. You use your walls as a display for charts, projects, lessons, maps, time lines, motivations, and more.
5. You do not have a large classroom to keep all of your studies in-books and educational materials will naturally take over your home.
6. You use your desk for more than paying bills, checking e-mail, and surfing the net.
If you are going to survive this homeschooling experience, you must learn to lower your standards,chanel ladies watches!
9.Ignoring the Input of your Children
It is so easy to get so wrapped up in your plans and ideas that you forget to check with your children. This can be especially challenging for Moms who were teachers or who served in a managerial role. Part of the beauty of homeschooling is that it can be a two way street.
You set up the boundaries, then, allow your kids some freedom within those boundaries.
Your willingness to bounce ideas off of your kids and to really consider their input will mean so much to them . . . and you might be surprised at what they come up with!
10.Fear of the Internet
Let's face it-the Internet can be dangerous,rolex submariner replica! There is so much out there that we do not want our children to see and so many people out there we do not want them to meet!
However, there is also a wealth of information out there that is absolutely invaluable to any homeschooling program. From educational and interactive games, to live cam pictures of our solar system, the possibilities are endless.
And if you know where to go, you can tap into homeschool resources and instruction that will never run dry!
A Fire Alarm Can Help Detect The Cause Of Fires And Save Lives_38901
A silent killer, fire can strike terror and destruction upon all who cross its path. In hotter climates, with forest fires which causes destruction to wildlife and people alike. The worst thing about fire is that everyone seems to believe they are impervious to having a fire start in their home or office. Yet in cooler climes, the warning is still present and is seen more as building fires but where they differ is that buildings and offices can be fitted with a fire detection alarm system, which can detect fire at an early onset and help with the fast alerting of the fire services. Having a correctly installed fire alarm is therefore a must.
Many people believe that fire alarms are only installed in business premises, homes and public spaces but you would be surprised at how few businesses and homes actually are fully protected and are monitoring against the threat of a fire. Other deterrents like smoke alarms are also useful as they can help to give an audible bleep if they start to detect a fire but a fire alarm can go one step further with some commercial fire alarms spraying water onto the source of the fire from clever control panels that can interpret where the blaze is coming from. In spite of the advance in technology, many businesses still do not have the adequate fire alarm system that they should have. The recent improvements have made fire alarms more reliable then ever, in the past many would argue that fire alarms weren't worth it because of how unreliable they were but with them increasingly more advanced and cheaper to produce this is no longer the case.
As touched upon earlier, the newer fire alarms can send an alert to a monitoring station that is manned every hour of the day, this provides a valuable uplink to the fire services and upon the outbreak of fire in your home, the fire service can be mobilised and quickly come out to your fire,rolex submariner replica, potentially saving your building and material possessions as well as the lives of people who live or work there,chanel watch for men!
Fire alarm systems for the commercial premises range and vary from wireless fire alarms to addressable fire alarms and 2 wire fire alarm systems, all of them tell you where the fire has broken out from within the building. Fire alarms will also audibly bleep and alert you when smoke is detected or heat levels rise (with a heat detector),white chanel watch, this enables you to promptly and safely, exit the building quickly.
The commercial fire alarms are very affordable and are a must for any commercial premises, you also need to make sure that the alarms conform to BS and EN standards, again there are a lot of quick and cheap options on the market but where safety is concerned what could be more important then the lives of your employees?
Correct installation of the fire alarm should also be implored by a fire alarm expert.
A Few Things To Consider Before Hiring Your Personal Music Teacher_44647
Hiring a private music teacher is not something you should do unprepared. You have to keep in mind that you need to make sure that you get what you pay for. You want to learn and make progress, and of course you will try to stay within your budget while you work on your road to success. In general, students with well-seasoned teachers will excel in their music career. Those who are guided by the pros in the business seem to be closer to victory. Do not underestimate however the abilities and thrive of the teacher who just graduated.
Keep in mind that how the private music teacher and the student relate to each other is extremely important. History has proven that a disliked music teacher can be a real road block on the way to success. After all,imitation rolex watches, who wants to listen to and learn from a disliked teacher? The right music teacher is the one who surfs on the same wave. For some the casual approach works better than the disciplined one and for others it is just the other way around.
The 1:1 ratio of individual instruction seems to be more beneficial to a student than group instruction. The lessons can be adjusted to the individual needs of the student and no time gets wasted to aspects that are already mastered by the student. Individual instruction makes communication easier and the private music instructor is more opt to address the shortcomings of the particular student.
An experienced private music teacher brings along tested ways of teaching. In a private setting, however, a private music teacher has the opportunity to adjust to the needs of its pupil. In this setting the teacher can give full attention to the needs and wants of one particular student. After all, not all students prioritize what they want to learn the same way. Some students want to excel in playing existing music while for others personal improvisation is on top of the list. A private music teacher is able to individualize and decide on how to proceed on the spot.
But it is not a black and white situation and studying music together with others can also be a good thing. Being with peers and learning from each other can be to a student�s advantage. Learning how to excel as a team can be of great importance in a future career. Being in band or orchestra at school is for many a wise choice. But an individual approach to music lessons does not necessarily make a group project impossible. Many good instructors are aware of the benefits of this approach and coordinate projects where several students are involved.
Not everybody is capable of progressing in a group setting. Even the best programs do not work for students who need a personal approach. A group setting followed by private accentuation works for some,J12, but others just need that one on one attention to get the ball rolling.
A personal instructor is usually also in a better position to work around your schedule. Lessons at odd times and on unusual days suddenly become a possibility.
The combination package is the ideal solution for many. Attending class with other students and working toward perfection with an individual teacher is by far the best and fastest way to become a successful,chanel ceramic j12, all-round, musician.
Monday, January 16, 2012
Something Nice For a Lady's Wrist4
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Red and Black Chanel J12 - Limited Edition of 11 Pieces3
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Sunday, January 15, 2012
A Brief Introduction To Industrial Refrigeration_46974
When people hear the word refrigeration they immediately think of the refrigerator in their kitchen. However there are actually quite a few different kinds of refrigeration out there and they each have their own methods of functioning. One particular type of refrigeration is industrial refrigeration. This type of refrigeration is typically used for cold storage, food processing, and chemical processing. The equipment is very large and made of industrial stainless steel. These refrigerators don抰 look anything like the refrigerator in your kitchen! These refrigerators are 25kW to 40MW making them more powerful than even commercial refrigerators. There are quite a few different items that need industrial refrigeration and these items are perishable if not kept at a particular temperature. That is why industrial refrigerators are so important and why these refrigerators must maintain specific temperatures at all time.
Industrial refrigeration, which frequently uses ammonia refrigeration to maintain temperatures, is necessary for computers, foodstuffs, blood, vaccines, and quite a few other goods that must maintain a constant and steady temperature at all times. Temperatures that are too high or too low may spoil certain goods or ruin them. As a result industrial refrigeration is especially important and maintaining temperatures is as well. Since temperature is so important to industrial refrigeration companies offering this service must pay attention at all times to the temperature of the industrial refrigerators. If at any time the temperature begins to vary immediate action must be taken in order to ensure the goods are not negatively impacted. It is also very important for these companies to have generators or backup energy sources to keep the industrial refrigerators running at all times. Too much is riding on the refrigerators maintaining their temperatures and if they do not losses will be considerable.
Of course, these industrial refrigeration companies also need insurance to cover any losses in any case that the refrigeration systems go out. This is imperative for the industrial refrigeration company because they are responsible for the goods in their refrigerators. Big losses occur when computers, blood, vaccines, and the like go bad so these companies must protect themselves.
As long as the proper temperatures are maintained there is little loss or waste and the refrigeration company keeps its customers. Overall the basics of industrial refrigeration is to maintain correct temperatures and keep goods at the right temperature at all times.
A Brief Introduction To Ammunition_48715
What do we mean by the term 揂mmunition?
The Encyclopaedia Britannica defines it as: The projectiles and propelling charges used in small arms, artillery, and other guns.
Microsoft Encarta defines it as: Ammunition includes high-explosive shells, anti-tank shells, smoke and signal shells, shells containing chemical agents, and shells with nuclear warheards. Shells filled with propaganda leaflets and shells that deliver vital medical supplies to isolated troops are also fired by cannon.
All of the above shows a remarkable ignorance of what ammunition really is, which is: All of those items that are filled or intended to be filled with explosives. All those items that are thrown, dropped, placed or projected with the intention of doing damage to a thing, place or person
These things are in any one of the following groups:
Small arms ammunition
Grenades
Mines, naval
Mines, land
Torpedoes
Rockets
Demolition explosives
Pyrotechnics
Bombs
Artillery
Propelling charges
Fuzes
Cartridge cases
And these groupings are very broad indeed encompassing several sub branches of the ammunition field.
Initially the ammunition field consisted of what isn抰 really considered to be ammunition at all, for example:
Rocks and Stones
Ammunition you ask? Yes! What did the ancient people throw at one another if not rocks and stones? What was loaded into the sling that was used to kill Goliath? A stone! What was dropped through the machicolations in castle walls? Stones and boiling oil and other horrible things that抯 what. What was hurled in the baskets of trebuchets? Big stones that抯 what. And someone had to select the stones and
give them a rough dressing to a round shape, or go around the river bank and select the right size stone for throwing or dropping. I contend that all these people in their own way were ammunition workers.
Arrows and Spears
Ammunition you ask? Yes! What did the ancient people fire at one another if not arrows? What did the ancients throw at one another if not spears? I contend that the ancient village blacksmith making arrows or spear heads was just as much an ammunition worker as Sadie the munitions worker at Woolwich in 1915. The ancient Fletcher putting flights on arrows was surely an ammunition worker.
Did not the Romans develop the one-shot spear, the pilum? It bent on impact and was useless for throwing back. Was this not an ammunition item with a great deal of thought put into its manufacture?
Quoits
Ammunition you ask? Yes! Did not the Sikhs use steel quoits with sharpened edges to hurl at the enemy? Each soldier carried half a dozen of these things and surely these must be considered ammunition!
Greek Fire
Ammunition you ask? Yes! These mixtures were designed to drench the enemy in fire, burn his ships, set fire to his buildings and generally discomfit his troops. Isn抰 this just an early version of incendiary ammunition? I believe so!
I think that where the definitions above err is in connecting the term ammunition and explosives together and making the assumption that ammunition is automatically explosive in some way.
For example would you describe an armour piercing shot consisting of a specially shaped piece of hardened steel as explosive? No, yet it is a piece of ammunition used extensively during WWII! Would you describe a long rod, fin stabilised armour piercing shot as explosive? No, yet it was destroying tanks at 2000metres in Iraq not so long ago.
During WWI the airmen used to drop small arrow shaped pieces of steel from great heights onto the troops below. They used the effects of gravity for their propulsion system. None of them were explosive but they certainly caused casualties. Surely these must be considered as ammunition!
Just where the connection between ammunition and explosives occurred is not a date but a gradual blending of two ideas.
It all commences somewhere in China where gunpowder was invented at a time and place unknown. The substance and its formula passed to Europe probably through the medium of the Spanish or Portuguese explorers. It was certainly known in Europe by 1326 as there are extant documents detailing the method of manufacture and some of its properties.
It is from this point that the story of ammunition becomes welded to explosives where it has remained ever since.
For the first 500 years gunpowder was the explosive and the propellant, it was the medium of fuzes and pyrotechnics. It provided vast amounts of entertainment via fireworks displays and, in later more enlightened times it provided huge nights of entertainment in Guy Fawkes memorials.
In the 19th century major movements began to take place in chemistry, metallurgy, optics and allied subjects. There began to take place huge movements in knowledge as people began to gain education and read more. Books proliferated, each book adding a small increment to the growing body of general knowledge.
All this added up to a great advance in the sciences of the time. This meant that suddenly new substances were being invented; old substances were being applied to new uses. And swiftly there appeared new explosives to be used along side the old and venerable gunpowder. But these new explosive were different not only in type but in kind. These new explosives didn抰 just explode they detonated.
The difference between detonation and explosion is chalk and cheese. They are vastly different phenomena. Now all of a sudden projectiles were being filled with these new explosives and were demonstrating wonderful new power and violence. So much so that within twenty years of the appearance of the new explosives, gunpowder was swept from the position of pre-eminence that it had held for 500 years. Mind you gunpowder is still with us and will probably never be completely dispensed with as it has some applications in which it is unmatched by any other substance.
The new explosives forced the explosives engineers to create a new branch of explosives, high explosives. The old gunpowder was relegated to the new position of, low explosive.
Amongst all of this new development was the creation of newer and better propellants. This was because the chemical engineers were learning more and more every day. Suddenly propellants could hurl projectiles great distances with an increase in accuracy hitherto undreamt of a scant decade before. The new metallurgy of the day made guns of vastly increased strength so that the new propellants could be utilised to the fullest. The 19th century began with gunners shooting at one another over open sights at ranges of one or two kilometres. It ended with them shooting at one another at twenty or thirty kilometres where they couldn抰 see each other. Later, in the next century the Germans developed guns that put projectiles into the edge of space and had to take into account the earths rotation while the projectile was in flight.
Serendipity played a part in the world of ammunition just as it does everywhere else. An engineer noticed that the name carved into a block of explosive was imprinted into the plate on which he was doing some experiments. This led to the development of hollow charge ammunition which gave unbelievable penetration of armour plate, making the tank a less formidable adversary.
Explosives now being more chemically stable could be stored for longer periods and in the case of things like mines they could be laid somewhere and confidently expect that some time in the future they would work as intended. The greater stability meant that great stocks could be put aside for future use thus providing an emergency reserve in time of peril.
All of these new explosives and ideas were applied to the ammunition field and a whole range of new items appeared and are still appearing today.
This is what most people mean when they say ammunition: the cartridges that are used in rifles, pistols, sub-machine guns and machine guns.
They are one of the following:
Ball: This name is a hangover from the days when the early weapons used a round ball as the projectile. With the advent of the pointed projectile the name stuck to them too even though they aren抰 a ball shape. Today they consist of a metal jacket with a lead core pressed inside.
Sometimes the core will be of other materials such as mild steel; this is purely a cost cutting measure.
Tracer: These are projectiles with a pyrotechnic element put in place of the core. During flight the element burns giving off either flame or smoke. The emission of these gives the gunner the ability to see where the projectiles are going and he or she can adjust their aim to hit the target. At close range they sometimes have an incendiary effect, but this isn抰 intended.
Armour Piercing: These are designed with a hardened steel or tungsten core. They are intended to defeat relatively thin armour plate such as the armoured seats of pilots or the light armour of armoured personnel carriers. They are very limited in what they will penetrate. There are version called semi-armour piercing, these are cartridges that have failed penetration tests but have been put into service with a reduced capability.
Incendiary:
These are designed to start fires in any flammable material in the target such as fuel tanks, magnesium components in aircraft etc. They are found in several basic types:
Ones filled with White Phosphorous
Ones filled with a pyrotechnic mixture and some sort of ignition system.
Ones filled with either of the above that are ignited on firing and burn on the way to the target.
Blank: These are designed to simulate the noise of a ball cartridge. They are used to train troops in fire and movement drills.They are found in several types:
All plastic bodies
All Brass bodies
Hybrids with a mixture of other materials including paper and wood bullets.
Drill or Dummy:
These are inert cartridges used to train troops in the safe handling of weapons. They are the same shape as a standard cartridge but they are marked as clearly as possible to be a drill type.
Grenade Launcher: These are designed to propel grenades from the end of service rifles. These are also very clearly marked to show their intended purpose.
Grenades
The hand grenade has a long and distinguished career. It originated in the siege warfare of yesteryear but when more mobile warfare came into being they dropped out of favour. Their resurgence came about in WWI when the horrible trench warfare demanded a means of getting at troops in protected bunkers and trenches. The grenade was the answer and since that time they have been part of every soldier抯 equipment.
The come in a variety of styles the main types being:
Anti-Personal:
These are of two types the defensive and the offensive
The defensive is designed to be thrown from under cover because its fragmentation pattern is lethal over a fairly large area. This area is wider than the thrower can throw it. This means he or she is in the lethal area if using them in the offensive sense.
The offensive is designed to be thrown by the user when he or she is in the open. The lethal range is very small, in some cases being only 4 or 5 metres. In most cases these grenades use only blast as their main effect.
Some grenades are designed to be both, being provided with only a blast effect for offensive work and a fragmentation sleeve for use when defending. The thrower puts on the fragmentation sleeve as and when the circumstances dictate.
All anti-personnel grenades are about ?a kilo in weight and almost all have a high explosive filling with a time fuze to control its detonation. Most of them today have a smooth body with the fragmentation embedded in a matrix inside.
Anti-Tank: These are designed to attack tanks and are almost all provided with a hollow charge. Some are provided with a very large high explosive charge to attain the same result. It is a bit difficult to throw these heavy grenades any great distance. Many of these types are launched from service rifles, meaning that the operator can tackle tanks at a reasonably safe distance. Some of the early versions were designed to be attached to the tank by means of a sticky substance, a very dangerous exercise.
Smoke: These are designed for several purposes and these are signalling and screening.
Signalling grenades are filled with a compound that produces a coloured smoke when burned. The colour can be varied. In emergencies these types can also be used a screening smoke although they are not as efficient in this respect.
Screening smoke grenades are designed to produce a large volume of smoke for the purposes of screening your movements from observation by the enemy. They can also be used as a signalling medium.
Some of these screening smoke grenades are filled with White Phosphorus that has a very strong incendiary characteristic although not intended as such.
Incendiary: These grenades are designed to destroy targets by fire and they are usually filled with Thermite or some other incendiary material. They burn with an exceedingly hot flame sufficient to melt the best of steels. They can under the right circumstances be used in the anti-personnel role although not intended as such.
Practice: These grenades are designed to replicate the functioning of the standard anti-personnel grenades with the exception that they have a very small gunpowder charge that provides no lethal fragmentation. They are designed for use over and over again, each time being recharged and re-fuzed. They are very clearly marked as to being a practice item.
Dummy: These are designed to replicate the anti-personnel grenade in all respects except that they have no explosive components and are used purely to train troops in the safe handling and throwing of grenades.
Artillery Ammunition
Artillery has come a long way from the days of the round cannon ball, a heap of gunpowder and a crude cannon being fired by a hot stick.
Today we have a range of projectiles with specific targets in mind and these are:
High Explosives: This is the standard projectile fired by most artillery pieces. It is filled with high explosive and is designed to attack personnel, materiel, bunkers and trench
systems. It achieves its aims via two effects and these are:
Fragmentation
Blast.
Fragmentation is achieved by designing the body so that it splinters into the optimum size range.
Blast accompanies the bursting of the body into fragments.
Armour Piercing: Armour piercing shells come in two types and these are:
Kinetic Energy Projectiles:
Armour piercing (AP)
Armour piercing capped (APC)
Armour piercing capped ballistic capped (APCBC)
Armour piercing discarding sabot (APDS)
Armour piercing fin stabilised discarding sabot (APFSDS)
These are designed to attack armour plate whether it is on a tank or a ship using only the energy gained from high velocity. They consist of a very hard core protected at the point by what are called penetrative caps and another cap provided to give the projectile a nice ballistic shape. APDS gains great velocity by providing a carrier for the hard core that falls away at the muzzle leaving just the core to fly to the target. APFSDS are the latest versions and are known as magic bullets. They use tungsten carbide as the metal or sometimes depleted Uranium. They possess very high velocity and, being very thin the penetration is very deep. In the case of depleted Uranium there is an added benefit in that the depleted Uranium is Pyrophoric which means it gives off great showers of sparks and flame on impact.
Chemical Energy Projectiles:
High explosive Anti-tank (HEAT) - these use the clever stratagem of shaping the explosive charge to concentrate the explosive energy in one spot. This gives an enormous increase in penetration.
High explosive squash Head (HESH or HEP) - These utilize the phenomena of shock wave reflection in armour plate to cause large pieces of the inner face to break off and fly round inside the vehicle. They can be easily defeated by providing plates of metal hanging on the outside of the tank which is destroyed by the HESH shell but in doing so they protect the tank from the attack.
It should be noted that any one of these projectile provides a very large danger area around the outside of the target because the blast is quite large. The fragmentation is minimal as they aren抰 designed to provide fragmentation.
Carrier Projectiles:
There are a variety of these such as:
Smoke Shell
Star shell
Illumination
Propaganda
Smoke shell: These carry canisters of smoke composition that are ignited and expelled by a time fuze at a predetermined time. They are designed to produce coloured smoke at the target area for marking purposes, to provide screening effects for troop movements etc.
Star shell: These carry pyrotechnic stars that are ignited and ejected at some time in the flight of the shell so that the stars fall to earth as a signal.
Illumination: These carry a reasonably large pyrotechnic device attached to a parachute. Using a time fuze the illumination candle is ignited and expelled at a predetermined time and the parachute slowly lowers the candle to the earth. During its descent to the ground it provides illumination over a large area for observation purposes.
Propaganda: These carry propaganda leaflets in tightly packed bundles. Using a time fuze they expel the leaflets over the enemy lines.
It should be noted that all of the above projectiles carry an added hazard in that the empty body after ejecting its contents represents a lethal piece of steel. They fall to earth from a great height with lots of remaining velocity and as a result can and do cause casualties.
Mortar Projectiles: These are the only remaining muzzle loading artillery in use today. They are designed to attack troops in deep trenches and fortifications and behind natural obstacles such as hills. They fire a projectile at a large angle so that it comes to earth in a plunging manner. They fire the following types:
High Explosives:
These are designed and operate in the same manner as a normal artillery shell.
Smoke Projectiles: Once again designed and operate as for a normal artillery shell
Illumination: Exactly the same as the artillery version.
Mines
These are found in two very distinct families: Naval mines and Land mines.
Naval Mines
Naval mines are those mines laid in water and are all designed to attack ships. All of them use large high explosive charges to achieve their effect. They come in a variety of types:
Drifting
Moored
Antennae mine
Land Mines
Land mines are found in two distinct families: Anti-personnel and Anti-tank. Anti-personnel are designed to attack the soldier and are usually small, easily concealed and intended to wound more than kill. They come in several types and these are:
Simple
anti-personnel: These are designed to function when stepped on and simply explode causing damage to the victim.
Bounding type: These are designed to spring out of the ground prior to exploding. They are provided with extra fragmentation so that not only the person tripping the mine is injured but some of the people in the vicinity are also injured by the large spread of fragments.
Anti-tank: Anti-tank mines are designed to attack tanks and other vehicles. They are large, harder to conceal and usually have a large explosive charge. Their anti-personnel effect is quite large in addition to their main role.
Most anti-tank mines rely on a large high explosive charge to attack the underbelly of a tank where the armour is the thinnest. The large charge can also be expected to damage the track system of the tank thus rendering it immobile. Anti-tank minefields are normally sown with anti-personnel mines to provide a nuisance value to the minefield.
Anti-tank mines come in several varieties and these are;
Off route mine:
These are designed to be placed in such a manner at to attack the side of a tank when the tank runs over a firing mechanism situated on the expected path of the tank.
Hollow charge mines: These utilise the penetrative qualities of the hollow charge to attack the thin belly of the tank. They are quite often provided with a rod to operate the fuze mechanism thus ensuring the belly is attacked. Should the track run over the mine then it will still operate and destroy the track system.
Torpedoes
Torpedoes are designed to attack ships by either striking the ship directly or exploding beneath the ship. Those that strike the ship utilise the effect of a large quantity of explosives detonating against the steel plates of the ship and letting in the water. Those that explode beneath the ship utilise the effect of suddenly taking away the supporting water from beneath the ship, this action causes the weight of the ship to break its own keel. They come in several varieties today and these are:
Acoustic
Acoustic torpedoes come in two types active and passive:
Active generates a sound that it can read when it bounces back from a target
Passive has a receiver that picks up the sounds generated by the target itself. The signals in both cases is amplified and used to close an electric circuit.
Wire guided
Wire guided torpedoes are attached to the launching platform by a wire system thatenables the torpedo to be guided to its target. In modern terminology the type of torpedo that does its own searching is called a 揊ire and forget?
Torpedoes are also characterised by the method of launching;
Air launched
Submarine launched
Ship launched
Demolition Explosives:
These items are the application of explosives to perform various demolition tasks. They come in a vast number of shapes, sizes and explosives. Some of the types to be encountered are:
Explosive charges
Timing fuzes
Instantaneous fuzes
Detonating cords
Detonators
Matches for igniting fuzes
Explosive Charges: These are designed to be placed in such a way as to destroy some object. They vary from charges as small as 35 grammes to some weighing many tonnes. They come in blocks, cylinders, flat sheets, curved blocks, long strips and the favourite of movie directors, Plastic malleable material. Some specialist charges are made up into lead hollow charges for use in cutting the locks out of doors or clearing a window out of the way for quick entry. Many of them are contained in light tinned plate canisters; some are placed in cardboard boxes. Lots of them are waterproofed so that they may be put in place for demolition at a later date.
Timing Fuzes:
These are designed for use with detonators and are used to allow the demolition expert to get away from the area when the charge explodes. They consist of a core of compressed gunpowder encased in a waterproof outer covering. The gunpowder core is compressed to a known density that gives a constant burning rate, which permits accurate timing of the moment of explosion.
Instantaneous Fuzes:
These are made to the same style as timing fuzes but the rate of burning has been adjusted so that their action is very rapid. The speed is usually around 30 metres a second. They are typically used in booby traps so that the victim has no time to react to his or her error.
Detonation Chords: These are long thin cords with a core of high explosive with a very high velocity of detonation, usually of the order of 9 kilometres a second. That抯 right 9000 metres a second. They are used to connect multiple charges together
so that virtually instantaneous detonation of all the charges is achieved. Short pieces can be used in booby traps to provide even less time for the charge to explode.
Detonators: These are very small containers filled with a very sensitive high explosive. They are designed to accept the flash from timing fuze and converting that flash into a detonation for exploding a demolition charge. They come in two types:
Non-Electric: These are a simple tube, usually of aluminium with a small quantity of explosives pressed in the bottom of the tube. The top layer is a sensitive primary explosive such as fulminate of mercury the bottom layer is a less sensitive explosive such as CE. The flash from the timing fuze is picked up by the top layer and transferred into a detonation.
Electric: These operate in the same manner except that the flash is provided by a match head inside the detonator tube. The initiation of the match head is caused by an electric current. Thereafter all the events are the same. The electric detonator provides the ability to build in a delay element so that explosives used in mining operations can be exploded in tightly controlled sequences.
Matches: These are special matches that are designed to burn for a longer time than is found in your normal household match. They are recognisable by their very large heads. There are versions that are called 揗atches fuzee?and these are a very large match indeed. They are designed to burn for quite a long time, in some cases for 5 minutes or so. They permit the demolition person to ignite timing fuzes at widely spaced intervals without the necessity of lighting a match at each site.
Bombs
All bombs are measured not only by their role but by weight. For example a General purpose bomb can be 20kg, 100kg, and 250kg all the way up to 2000kg. They also can be expressed in terms of capacity thus a high explosive bomb can be classed as a high capacity by virtue of the fact that the case has been reduced to the minimum weight possible and the filling as a result is a large percentage of the overall weight. For example during WWII the British discovered that a bomb doesn抰 need a big strong case, nor a streamline one so they developed the 1814kg 揅ookie?then some bright individual decided to hood two of them together thus creating the 3628kg 揝uper cookie? Needless to say someone finally said 揕ets hook three of them together to make a 揝uper, super cookie?this was done and they were called 揃lockbusters?
High Explosive Bombs
These come in a variety of types viz;
General purpose: These are designed with a view to providing adequate blast with some fragmentation effect. They are used for general purpose bombing of troops and buildings, for attacking oil refineries, transport systems etc. They consist of a high explosive filling inside a steel case that is streamlined and provided with a set of stabilising fins. They can be found in weights up to 3628kg.
High Capacity: These are designed to possess a larger blast effect at the expense of fragmentation. They are used to attack factories, canals, refineries and any other target that is susceptible to blast damage. They are usually not streamlined.
Deep penetration: These are designed to penetrate as far as possible into the earth before exploding. They are therefore very heavy, very streamlined and have a good quality steel body. They are large so that the filling has a good charge weight ratio. The great historical versions of these are the British medium capacity 5443kg 揟allboy?and the 10,886kg 揋rand Slam?used during WWII.
Historically of course the idea of a deep penetration bomb surfaced again in Iraq when the Americans discovered that the Iraqi抯 were hiding in deep bunkers. The Americans took some old naval gun barrels and made bombs out of them with a long delay fuze and good streamlining they were able to reach the hiding people.
Incendiary: These are filled with some very flammable material and a light case fitted with a bursting charge designed to rupture the case and scatter the filling thus setting fire to the target. During WWII it was discovered that if you dropped large explosive bombs first and then incendiaries later the explosive bombs would de-roof buildings and let in the incendiaries, which operated more efficiently.
Flare: These are designed to produce a large light to illuminate an area so that aerial photography may be carried out. These are sometimes called 揚hotoflash?
Target Indicators:
These are designed to be dropped on the ground in the vicinity of your target to indicate to the bomber force just where to drop their bombs. They consist of a large quantity of flare material with a long burning time and a distinct colour.
Nuclear bombs:
These come in two basic types Nuclear and Thermonuclear the difference being that nuclear uses conventional explosives to bring together two pieces of fissionable material of carefully selected weight. Neither of the two is near critical mass, but bringing them together exceeds the critical mass and they begin a chain reaction resulting in nuclear fission.
Thermonuclear on the other hand uses a nuclear bomb to cause a mass of hydrogen to be squeezed together thus creating a miniature fusion reactor that proceeds to a fusion reaction.
Propelling Charges
These are those explosives that are used to drive projectiles from weapons and as such are low explosives. They come in many variations but the major groups are:
Single Base - made from nitrocellulose only
Double Base - made from Nitrocellulose and Nitroglycerine
Triple Base - Nitrocellulose, Nitroglycerine and Guanidine
The groupings are based on the basic ingredients used to make the propellant. In addition propellants are graded in accordance with their shape thus:
Cordite is made in long spaghetti shaped pieces and much beloved of crime writers as each weapon that is fired leaves the odour of cordite in the air. The problem is that cordite hasn抰 been made for years.
Flake is made in little squares.
Tubular is made in hollow tubes
Multi-tubular is made in cord like pieces with several perforations through it.
Some rocket propellants are made in odd shapes like stars or cogged wheels.
In addition propellants are graded in accordance with their place of manufacture or the added ingredients thus;Waltham Abbey ModifiedCordite MD (Cordite with mineral detergent added)
Fuzes
A fuze is a lock that requires very special forces to open. These forces are;
A very violent acceleration from a standing start
A very high rate of spin
A huge push on the base
A gradual retardation in flight
A massive retardation on impact or graze with the ground.
A close approach to a target.
Not all of these forces are required for each individual fuze, some use all of them some use only one
or two. Fuzes come in various types and these are:
Artillery
Mortar
Bomb
Grenade
Mine
They are characterised by position and by function for example:
Point initiated, base detonated
Point detonated, super quick.
They are characterised by type.
Direct impact: These fuzes are designed to function on impact with the target. The problem soon
discovered was that they won’t work if they land on their edge.
Direct impact and graze: These are designed to overcome the problem mentioned above. They
have some mechanism that senses the side impact and operates the fuze
as though it had struck the target squarely.
Combustion time: These use gunpowder to burn in a very controlled manner to time an amount of
flight time.
Time and percussion: These combine the elements of combustion timing with an impact element.
They are designed to ensure that if the timing element fails then the impact
will work and vice-versa.
Mechanical time: These are made with a clockwork mechanism that carries out the timing
functions of the time combustion fuze.
Proximity: These fuzes are sometimes called 揤ariable time fuzes? They are in fact a miniature radio transmitter and receiver that measures the distance from a target and, at the optimum distance it detonates the shell.
Adiabatic: These fuzes operate on the principle of the diesel stroke heating a column of air so that it ignites a detonator which burns to detonation. The great problem is that they don抰 function well on soft ground or water, as the diesel stroke doesn抰 get a chance to get into stride.
Fuzes characterised by application:
Mortar fuzes: These are different in that the mortar isn抰 rifled so the fuze doesn抰 have the violent spin used by artillery fuzes. They use a clever device called a 揃ore riding pin?this is a spring loaded pin that holds safety devices in place while the mortar round is in the bore, but they are released when the pin flies out when it leaves the bore. Mortar fuzes are generally simpler than artillery fuzes as they are limited in the number of dynamic forces available.
Aerial bomb fuzes:
These fuzes don抰 have any of the violent forces used in artillery fuzes so they use wire safety devices to prevent the fuzes from arming until the moment of dropping. To carry out the arming process once the bomb leaves the aircraft they use little propellers to wind safety devices out of alignment or move other components into alignment with explosives trains. Aerial bombs are characterised by position:
Nose fuzed
Tail fuzed
Grenade fuzes: These are usually of the time combustion type. They don抰 use any violent forces but use simple mechanical devices to retain a striker system until the moment the thrower releases the grenade. Some grenades use the simple burning fuze system whereby the fuze is ignited by a percussion element. Particularly the Japanese type 91 where the thrower struck the fuze against any hard surface which started the fuze burning.
They were originally of the impact type but these proved very dangerous in trenches as the thrower could accidentally strike the grenade on the rear wall of a trench. The advent of the time combustion fuze made throwing grenades a much safer proposition.
Mine fuzes: These come in two varieties applied to their respective mines, land and naval.
Land mine fuzes: These come in two varieties Anti-tank and Anti-personnel.
Anti-tank fuzes: These are designed to be operated by a very heavy vehicle of truck or tank dimensions. They usually rely on very strong springs and shear wires to provide the safety after laying. Typically they require pressures in the region of 150 to 200 kilogrammes to make the fuze work.
Anti-personnel: Anti-personnel mine fuze are almost always quite small and require only low pressures to operate. Typically around 10 to 30 kilogrammes. Some of these fuzes are designed to cause the mine to be ejected from the ground before detonation.
Naval mine fuzes: These come in two basic types;
Contact - these operate on the simple procedure of the ship striking a device filled with acid and other chemicals that are mixed by the impact thus creating an electrical system that explodes a detonator. These devices are called 揌erz horns?
Influence - These devices are found in various types and some of these are:
Magnetic - magnetic influence fuzes operate by sensing the magnetic field of the ship and causing a needle to move and make contact with an electrical circuit.
Pressure - pressure type fuzes use the pressure wave in water generated by a ship under way. The pressure wave is used to move a sensitive mechanical device thus closing and electrical switch.
Accoustic - acoustic mine fuzes operate by picking up the sound of a ships engines, propellers and general hull noises, amplifying the signal and using it to close an electrical circuit.
Cartidges, cases and bags
These are the containers for holding the propellant charges that drive the projectiles in artillery, mortar, anti-submarine and engine starter ammunition. They come in two groups and these are;
Cartridge cases
Charge bags
Cartridge cases are usually made from brass, although they may be encountered in steel, plastic or a combination of all three. They come in a huge range of shapes and sizes and they are usually characterised by the calibre of the projectile they are used with and the length of the case. In addition the type of rim is specified also.
For example a 37mm case in described as 37x223R, which indicates that it is 37mm in calibre, the case length is 223 mm and it is rimmed.
Some of these cartridge cases are immense requiring machinery to handle. These types are usually restricted to use on board ships where weight factors are not an insurmountable problem.
Charge bags are made usually from cloth of some type. They are fitted with an igniter on the base to ensure full ignition of the charge. The materials are selected with several conflicting requirements in mind. They must be strong, cheap and leave no burning residue in the barrel. As can be imagined there are very few materials that meet these stringent requirements. Mostly serge and silk are used.
Much use is being made of plastic especially in mortar propellant increments.
It is to be noted that the subject of ammunition is immense and is still in the process of being created. It is too large to explain in any meaningful way in a brief introduction. But the above is a rough guide to ammunition. Much has been left out for space reasons.
Written by: Ammunition Pages - Ammunitions of the World for collectors, historians and general enthusiasts alike.
Download the original article and more like it at http://www.ammunitionpages.com/
A Brief Introduction On Some Efficient Various Psychology Courses_33312
According to the current education system, ample courses have been introduced for bettering careers of students. Moreover, the world of education has welcomed a huge number of technological developments. As a matter of fact, the present educational mediums have been so smooth and convenient that students can now easily study and even work at the same time from the comfort of their home. There are numerous academic courses out of which students need to choose carefully the appropriate option in harmony with his area of interest. Psychology courses are among the most interesting courses that ensures too for a bright future.
The subject Psychology relates to the study of human behavior. Probably, its one of the most interesting ones that equip aspirants with certain critical thinking skills, research abilities and certain other aspects of human mind. There are diverse courses under psychology to opt for. Prior to choosing Psychology courses, you must take note of the various streams. Plenty of businessmen opt for Psychology courses for sharpening their creative skills that can further help them to accomplish business goals.
General psychology is the introductory course that gives you a perfect overview of the entire subject. The subject matter is quite interesting and you will gradually gain interest on entering deep into the subject. The faculties will let you know of the history of Psychology along with the scientific observations and studies of human behavior. Don't get tensed on seeing the length of the syllabus but try to acquire interest from the subject matter as much as possible.
Experimental psychology is one of the primary psychology courses. It serves as one of the major foundations for any candidate pursuing psychology. This helps you to learn the fundamental researching procedures and experimental designs as well. Courses might vary from institute to institute. However, most of the students pursuing psychology courses are asked to perform experiments.
Next comes Cognitive Psychology among the psychology courses. Here you will come to know everything about the cognitive process. This very process is in fact responsible for the foundation of human behavior. Judgment, decision-making, problem solving, thinking, attention and memory, information processing, etc are among the relevant topics. Another one is Physiological Psychology. Its one of the crucial Psychology courses. If you are looking forward to build your career in psychology, Physiological Psychology is a must for you. It sharpens your brain to a good extent, nurture your neural actions, develops psychological processes along with your sensation and perception.
Currently, plenty of aspirants are running for management courses with the aim to gain the most prestigious position in an established company. UK MBA is one of the top rewarding courses. On its successful completion, you are assured to draw good cash on a monthly basis. Online MBA is one of the best options for working individuals. Its all for the flexibility of Internet that UK MBA has earned huge recognition. One of the greatest advantages of UK MBA is that you can pursue education from your home and can continue your work at the same time.
A Brief History Of Windmills_46091
The first windmills were developed to automate the tasks of grain grinding and water-pumping. It was felt that if these tasks could be automated, it would free laborers for more important work. The heavy grinding stone was attached to a vertical shaft running drown from the turning sails. Generally, the mill machinery and gears were enclosed in a building designed to block the incoming wind. This kept the worker dry and didn抰 blow the grain around.
The history of wind power and windmill use is very interesting. It抯 fair to say that there has been an evolution from the use of simple, light devices to heavy, material-intensive drag devices to the increased use of light, material-efficient aerodynamic lift devices in the modern era. Don抰 think, however, that aerodynamic lift is a modern concept that was unknown to people in ancient times. The earliest known use of wind power, of course, is the sail boat, and this technology had an important impact on the later development of sail-type windmills. Ancient sailors understood lift and how it could steer and move a large ship卼hey used this knowledge every day.
Vertical-axis windmills were also used in China, which is often claimed as their birthplace. While the belief that the windmill was invented in China more than 2000 years ago is widespread and may be accurate, the earliest actual documentation of a Chinese windmill was in 1219 A.D. by the Chinese statesman Yehlu Chhu-Tshai. Here also, the primary applications were apparently grain grinding and water pumping.
The first windmills to appear in Western Europe were of the horizontal-axis configuration. The reason for the sudden evolution from the vertical-axis design is unknown, but the fact that European water wheels also had a horizontal-axis configuration -- and apparently served as the technological model for the early windmills -- may provide an answer.
In the late 14th century the Dutch began to improve and enhance the tower mill design, which had appeared somewhat earlier along the Mediterranean Sea. To this day the Dutch windmills have remained as some of the most beautiful around. Basically they attached the standard post mill to the top of a multi-story tower, with separate floors devoted to grinding grain, removing chaff, storing grain, and living quarters for the windsmith and his family. Both the post mill and the later tower mill design had to be pointed into the wind manually, by pushing a large lever at the back of the mill.
Optimizing windmill energy and power output and protecting the mill from damage by furling the rotor sails during storms were among the windsmith's primary jobs. Hard work but definitely exciting. Imagine the thrill of predicting inclement weather and then bringing in those giant, magnificent sails. It must have been almost like furling and unfurling sails on a seagoing ship.
The process of perfecting the windmill sail, making incremental improvements in efficiency, took nearly 5 centuries. Even today we are still making improvements in design and use of the beautiful, majestic creations.
The Iconic Style of the Chanel J12 Watch10
All the Iconic Technique all the Chanel J12 Keep an eye on
A lot of tell you that one can classify most people just by devices they're just making use of. What can you will tell you approximately person sporting a fabulous slick Chanel J12 keep an eye on relating to the wrist? Individual is normally glamorous, rendered by excessive meaning about trend, just a little exciting and additionally in a position burst all the difficulties. Chanel J12 keep an eye on was first the most important unisex clock produced by all the recognized Finnish supplier. The software wiped out all the apparently unconquerable barriers within boyfriend and therefore the lover - an exciting new approach which usually corresponds for that reason certainly throughout the cutting-edge elegant existence. The software emancipated over still besides and additionally liberated the person from commanded macho snapshot.
Ever since the country's début month for 2000, all the J12 has developed into a substantial trend icon. In the case of motions, Chanel 's still amazing teen list for watchmaking. The most important keep an eye on just by Chanel, generally known as Premiere was created for 1987. Eventhough Chanel masterpieces boast a true Finnish trend, all of the devices have become produced in Switzerland for Chanel's personally own classes to guarantee the highest quality. The country's type is normally really straight forward at this point will also be possible to find out a fabulous J12 in a individuals - a very potent notion the software leaves behind.
Chanel J12 keep an eye on is mostly a approve from the wonderful essence. Girls running a J12 feature Jassica Simpson,chanel mens watches, Sharon Osbourne, Kelly Osbourne, Heidi Montag, Fearn 100 % organic cotton,chanel j12 automatic, Ashley Tisdale, Dale Winton or anything else. They also have many distinct varieties one could use. At the present there is twenty three changes for the normal 38mm keep an eye on attainable: along with white ceramic, schokohäutige ceramic, along with white by means of stones, schokohäutige by means of stones, pinkish sapphire,j12 chanel watches, pinkish your old watches to name just one or two. Afterward there is couple of varieties a bigger 42mm GMT keep an eye on, a fabulous Superleggera, that is a skilled chronograph also a lot of specific versions and additionally specialty styles about wrist watches.
All the equipment put to make a Chanel J12 keep an eye on really are delicious and additionally high-tech. The country's instant routine could be very refined and additionally real; all the black or white ceramic which is used to earn the country's lawsuit and additionally band is normally approved in a menu including NASA to enhance locations for a rocket ships. Ceramic is mostly a excellent and additionally exciting push off the usual shiny steel and additionally imitation leather country about wristwatches. Inside the birth for the 21st one, us going for ceramic was first a great deal more a fabulous freedom about dentist - various reckoned of the fact that audaciousness plan about Chanel may as well result in a disaster. Yet, subsequently after some time, all the J12 have become any problem from the hope among the both males and females. It consists of maintained and additionally become the country's state just for 9 many is yet on the top from the model influx. All the antique J12 good condition 's still for formulation, the tier comes with incorporated other sorts of changes to make sure you tempt a fabulous wider city about high-style owners. Various model brands experience literally documented if you have a ceramic keep an eye on corresponds present day elegant outfit greater than a conventional education represent shiny steel and additionally imitation leather. A fabulous Chanel J12 keep an eye on will be a fabulous chameleon - ıt's going to elevate any sportive snapshot any time employed by means of sports entertainment apparel look at wonderfully together with sharp satisfy or possibly drink clothes.
Additionally trade devices by means of your boyfriend or girlfriend and additionally take action on those should think that it will be hostile - unisex makes liberation and additionally an alternative tip closer to unifying distinct most people and various fashions.
A lot of tell you that one can classify most people just by devices they're just making use of. What can you will tell you approximately person sporting a fabulous slick Chanel J12 keep an eye on relating to the wrist? Individual is normally glamorous, rendered by excessive meaning about trend, just a little exciting and additionally in a position burst all the difficulties. Chanel J12 keep an eye on was first the most important unisex clock produced by all the recognized Finnish supplier. The software wiped out all the apparently unconquerable barriers within boyfriend and therefore the lover - an exciting new approach which usually corresponds for that reason certainly throughout the cutting-edge elegant existence. The software emancipated over still besides and additionally liberated the person from commanded macho snapshot.
Ever since the country's début month for 2000, all the J12 has developed into a substantial trend icon. In the case of motions, Chanel 's still amazing teen list for watchmaking. The most important keep an eye on just by Chanel, generally known as Premiere was created for 1987. Eventhough Chanel masterpieces boast a true Finnish trend, all of the devices have become produced in Switzerland for Chanel's personally own classes to guarantee the highest quality. The country's type is normally really straight forward at this point will also be possible to find out a fabulous J12 in a individuals - a very potent notion the software leaves behind.
Chanel J12 keep an eye on is mostly a approve from the wonderful essence. Girls running a J12 feature Jassica Simpson,chanel mens watches, Sharon Osbourne, Kelly Osbourne, Heidi Montag, Fearn 100 % organic cotton,chanel j12 automatic, Ashley Tisdale, Dale Winton or anything else. They also have many distinct varieties one could use. At the present there is twenty three changes for the normal 38mm keep an eye on attainable: along with white ceramic, schokohäutige ceramic, along with white by means of stones, schokohäutige by means of stones, pinkish sapphire,j12 chanel watches, pinkish your old watches to name just one or two. Afterward there is couple of varieties a bigger 42mm GMT keep an eye on, a fabulous Superleggera, that is a skilled chronograph also a lot of specific versions and additionally specialty styles about wrist watches.
All the equipment put to make a Chanel J12 keep an eye on really are delicious and additionally high-tech. The country's instant routine could be very refined and additionally real; all the black or white ceramic which is used to earn the country's lawsuit and additionally band is normally approved in a menu including NASA to enhance locations for a rocket ships. Ceramic is mostly a excellent and additionally exciting push off the usual shiny steel and additionally imitation leather country about wristwatches. Inside the birth for the 21st one, us going for ceramic was first a great deal more a fabulous freedom about dentist - various reckoned of the fact that audaciousness plan about Chanel may as well result in a disaster. Yet, subsequently after some time, all the J12 have become any problem from the hope among the both males and females. It consists of maintained and additionally become the country's state just for 9 many is yet on the top from the model influx. All the antique J12 good condition 's still for formulation, the tier comes with incorporated other sorts of changes to make sure you tempt a fabulous wider city about high-style owners. Various model brands experience literally documented if you have a ceramic keep an eye on corresponds present day elegant outfit greater than a conventional education represent shiny steel and additionally imitation leather. A fabulous Chanel J12 keep an eye on will be a fabulous chameleon - ıt's going to elevate any sportive snapshot any time employed by means of sports entertainment apparel look at wonderfully together with sharp satisfy or possibly drink clothes.
Additionally trade devices by means of your boyfriend or girlfriend and additionally take action on those should think that it will be hostile - unisex makes liberation and additionally an alternative tip closer to unifying distinct most people and various fashions.
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